Spatial variability of rainfall in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: long and short term characteristics
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چکیده
Spatial variability of both long and short term rainfall in an urban environment in Malaysia was studied using historical monthly and yearly rainfall data and, unique for the humid tropics region, recently collected, short term rainfall data measured with very small time and space resolution. The results for the yearly data indicated some elongation of the spatial structures of rainfall in the area. The monthly rainfall data showed that the geographical orientation of these structures for the months of December to March was different from that during April to November. These differences were due to the effects caused by monsoon seasonality and by the influence of the sea. The spatial structure and depth-area relationship for short term thunderstorms have been derived. The basic statistics of point observations were also studied. The results showed that the spatial variability of short term rainfall was more significant for short term rainfall than for the long term behaviour. Thus, the spatial structure of short term rainfall should be considered as important in urban runoff calculations. Variabilité spatiale des précipitations à Kuala Lumpur (Malaisie): caractéristiques à court et long terme Résumé La variabilité spatiale à court et long terme des précipitations dans les environnements urbains de Malaisie a été étudiée en utilisant des données historiques mensuelles et annuelles et, uniquement en ce qui concerne la région tropicale humide, des données récemment mesurées selon des pas de temps et d'espace très fins. Les résultats concernant les données annuelles indiquent un déplacement des structures spatiales des pluies dans la région. Les données mensuelles montrent que l'orientation géographique de ces structures est différent durant les mois de décembre à mars, de ce qu'elle est pendant la période allant d'avril à novembre. Ces différences sont dues aux effets saisonniers de la mousson et à l'influence de la mer. La structure spatiale et la relation hauteur-surface d'orages de courte durée ont été mises en évidence. Les statistiques de base des observations ponctuelles ont également été étudiées. Ces études montrent que la variabilité spatiale des pluies diminue lorsque le pas de temps d'observationaugmente. La structure spatiale des pluies selon des pas de temps courts doit donc être prises en considération dans les calculs de ruissellement urbain.
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تاریخ انتشار 2007